{"id":40282,"date":"2026-07-16T12:45:10","date_gmt":"2026-07-16T10:45:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/2026\/07\/16\/biological-control-of-rhizoctonia-solani-in-potato-why-early-in-furrow-application-matters\/"},"modified":"2026-07-20T17:23:07","modified_gmt":"2026-07-20T15:23:07","slug":"biological-control-of-rhizoctonia-solani-in-potato-why-early-in-furrow-application-matters","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/en\/2026\/07\/16\/biological-control-of-rhizoctonia-solani-in-potato-why-early-in-furrow-application-matters\/","title":{"rendered":"Biological Control of Rhizoctonia solani in Potato: Why Early In-Furrow Application Matters"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"40282\" class=\"elementor elementor-40282 elementor-40141\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8df228b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"8df228b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19e5acd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"19e5acd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">MODULE III<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b471964 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-widget-tablet__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b471964\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Biological Control of <I>Rhizoctonia solani in Potato:<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ac2ae5 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4ac2ae5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Why Early In-Furrow Application Matters<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf75e07 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-mobile__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-testimonial\" data-id=\"cf75e07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"testimonial.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-meta elementor-has-image elementor-testimonial-image-position-aside\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-meta-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1584\" height=\"1876\" src=\"https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/mtrillas.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-13544\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/mtrillas.jpg 1584w, https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/mtrillas-768x910.jpg 768w, https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/mtrillas-1297x1536.jpg 1297w, https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/mtrillas-600x711.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1584px) 100vw, 1584px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-details\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-name\">M. Trillas<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-job\">Discoverer of Trichoderma asperellum strain T34<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe2fae8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fe2fae8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc5d51c e-con-full elementor-hidden-mobile e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bc5d51c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;sticky&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;sticky_offset&quot;:75,&quot;sticky_parent&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;sticky_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;],&quot;sticky_effects_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_anchor_link_offset&quot;:0}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aab18c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"aab18c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"bct-panel\"><div class=\"bct-panel-kicker\">IN THIS SECTION<\/div><div id=\"js-active-title\" class=\"bct-panel-title\">Introducci\u00f3n<\/div><br\/><br\/><br\/><div class=\"bct-modulo\">MODULE III. Why Early In-Furrow Application Matters<\/div><\/div><style>.bct-panel{\n    padding:16px;\n    border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.15);\n    border-radius:12px;\n    background:rgba(0,0,0,.25);\n    backdrop-filter: blur(6px);\n  }\n  .bct-panel-kicker{\n    font-family:\"Fira Sans\",system-ui,-apple-system,Segoe UI,Roboto,Arial;\n    font-size:12px;\n    letter-spacing:.12em;\n    text-transform:uppercase;\n    opacity:.7;\n    margin-bottom:10px;\n    color:#fff;\n  }\n  .bct-panel-title{\n    font-family:\"Fira Sans\",system-ui,-apple-system,Segoe UI,Roboto,Arial;\n    font-size: 24px;\n    font-weight:800;\n    line-height:1.05;\n    color:#fff;\n  }\n  .bct-modulo{\n    font-family:\"Fira Sans\",system-ui,-apple-system,Segoe UI,Roboto,Arial;\n    font-size:12px;\n    font-weight:300;\n    line-height:1.05;\n    color:#fff;\n  }\n<\/style><script>(function(){\n  function init(){\n    const titleEl = document.getElementById('js-active-title');\n    if(!titleEl) return;\n    \/\/ Observamos headings (no contenedores)\n    const heads = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('.js-section'));\n    if(!heads.length) return;\n    let current = '';\n    const getTitle = (el) => {\n      return el.getAttribute('data-title')\n        || (el.dataset && el.dataset.title)\n        || (el.textContent ? el.textContent.trim() : '');\n    };\n    const setTitle = (t) => {\n      if(!t || t === current) return;\n      current = t;\n      titleEl.textContent = t;\n    };\n    \/\/ T\u00edtulo inicial\n    setTitle(getTitle(heads[0]));\n    const io = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => {\n      \/\/ De los que est\u00e9n \"activos\", coge el m\u00e1s cercano a la parte alta (rootMargin)\n      const active = entries\n        .filter(e => e.isIntersecting)\n        .sort((a,b) => (a.boundingClientRect.top - b.boundingClientRect.top))[0];\n      if(active) setTitle(getTitle(active.target));\n    }, {\n      root: null,\n      \/\/ Ajusta cu\u00e1ndo cambia: cuando el heading cruza ~el primer tercio de la pantalla\n      rootMargin: \"-20% 0px -70% 0px\",\n      threshold: [0, 0.01, 0.1]\n    });\n    heads.forEach(h => io.observe(h));\n  }\n  if(document.readyState === 'loading'){\n    document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => setTimeout(init, 50), { once:true });\n  } else {\n    setTimeout(init, 50);\n  }\n})();\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa58977 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"aa58977\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"bct-imgpanel\" aria-label=\"Imagen de la subsecci\u00f3n activa\">\r\n  <img id=\"js-sub-img\" class=\"bct-imgpanel__img\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\">\r\n<\/div>\r\n<style>\r\n  .bct-imgpanel__img{\r\n    width:80%;\r\n    height:auto;\r\n    display:block;\r\n    opacity:0;\r\n    transition: opacity .35s ease;\r\n    will-change: opacity;\r\n  }\r\n  .bct-imgpanel__img.is-visible{ opacity:1; 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In the case of<\/span> <b><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Rhizoctonia<\/span><\/i><\/b><b><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> solani<\/span><\/i><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> in potato, the answer does not lie solely in the product used, the timing or the application equipment. The key lies in the biology of the pathogen: where the inoculum survives, how virulent it is, when it infects, and how long the crop remains exposed. These are the questions that determine where and when the control tool must be positioned.<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Rhizoctonia in potato is associated with two well-known problems: <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">stem canker <\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">black scurf<\/span><\/b>.<\/span><\/b><\/span> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">The literature describes<\/span> <i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">R. solani<\/span><\/i> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">as a pathogen that attacks tubers, underground stems and stolons, with damage that is especially significant in cold, wet soils during the weeks following planting.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c509322 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c509322\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fb134a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fb134a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Resilience in potato cultivation is not an isolated quality, but the result of a systemic approach. It can be summarized in a simple equation: <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87e2d5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"87e2d5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d0d877 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"4d0d877\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-566e972 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"566e972\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2742d94 js-section elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2742d94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-title=\"What is Rhizoctonia solani, and why is it so difficult to manage?\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is Rhizoctonia solani, and why is it so difficult to manage?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-145b189 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"145b189\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a361db7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a361db7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">R. solani<\/span><\/i> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">belongs to the group historically known as the sterile fungi (&#8220;Mycelia sterilia&#8221;). This historical designation reflects the fact that, for a long time, these fungi were considered to produce mainly mycelium and <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">sclerotia<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, but no spores visible under normal conditions. It is now known that they can produce basidiospores in their sexual stage, although this is uncommon in the field and of little practical use for identifying the pathogen.<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">This trait has important agronomic consequences. Rhizoctonia does not behave like other pathogens that release large quantities of airborne spores or drive secondary infection cycles in the aerial part of the crop. In potato, its strategy relies above all on the primary inoculum already present in the soil or carried on the seed tuber.  <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Rhizoctonia forms sclerotia: survival structures made up of mycelium and coated in a layer of melanin that acts as a protective barrier against desiccation, radiation and microbial breakdown. Thanks to this protection, the pathogen remains viable for long periods in the soil, on crop residues or on the tuber skin, where it gives rise to black scurf. These dark masses are not inert residue: they are resting structures capable of reigniting infection on the seed tuber itself.   <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b40796f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b40796f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e52f487 e-con-full js-subsection e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e52f487\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44174be elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"44174be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Are all sclerotia the same?<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34fb6f6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"34fb6f6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1066be elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e1066be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW10623341 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW10623341 BCX8\">No. The degree of melanisation varies between anastomosis groups, and those of the potato pathotype (AG-3 PT) are among the most heavily melanised. This difference translates into particularly high persistence on the tuber skin and in the soil and explains why a field&#8217;s inoculum load does not disappear on its own from one season to the next.  <\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c6b0e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4c6b0e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1365\" height=\"1040\" src=\"https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Origen-80.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-40275\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Origen-80.png 1365w, https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Origen-80-768x585.png 768w, https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Origen-80-600x457.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1365px) 100vw, 1365px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9912f2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9912f2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-teams=\"true\"><span style=\"font-family: Aptos, sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;\">Figure 1.<\/span><\/span><b> <span style=\"font-family: Aptos, sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;\">Black scurf \u2014 sclerotia of <\/span><i style=\"font-family: Aptos, sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;\">R. solani<\/i> <span style=\"font-family: Aptos, sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;\">AG-3 PT attached to the tuber periderm.<\/span><\/b><br\/><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;\">Scientific information transformed into a visual resource\/content using<\/span> Artificial Intelligence.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b60a9b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2b60a9b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Black scurf is not just a cosmetic problem<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c81ce67 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c81ce67\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">One of the most common mistakes is to treat black scurf as a purely cosmetic defect. It is true that, at first glance, the sclerotia can look like soil clinging to the tuber skin. However, they are not easily removed by washing and serve a very clear biological function: they act as active inoculum for the following season.  <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Commercially, black scurf can affect the visual quality of the tuber. But from a plant-pathology standpoint its importance is greater: it indicates that the pathogen has completed part of its cycle and produced structures capable of surviving, spreading and reigniting infection.  <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">This places the problem at a very specific point: at planting, the inoculum is present not only in the field but on the seed tuber itself. This is not a pathogen that arrives from outside during the season, and so there is nothing to intercept in the aerial part of the crop. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43e79b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"43e79b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The AG-3 PT pathotype: specialisation in potato<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-456f838 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"456f838\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW155627167 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155627167 BCX8\">R. solani<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW155627167 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155627167 BCX8\"> is not a single, uniform organism: it is divided into <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW155627167 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155627167 BCX8\">anastomosis groups<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW155627167 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155627167 BCX8\">  (<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW155627167 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155627167 BCX8\">anastomosis groups<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW155627167 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155627167 BCX8\">,  <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW155627167 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155627167 BCX8\">AG<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW155627167 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155627167 BCX8\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155627167 BCX8\">), defined by the ability of their hyphae to fuse with one another, exchange genetic material and form populations with different host specialisation.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae44229 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ae44229\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3c1f0b e-con-full js-subsection e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3c1f0b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4e78de elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a4e78de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is anastomosis? <\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1513f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f1513f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW58679270 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW58679270 BCX8\">Anastomosis<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW58679270 BCX8\"> i<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW58679270 BCX8\">s the fusion of compatible hyphae, allowing genetic material to be exchanged outside sexual reproduction (a process known as the parasexual cycle). This mechanism maintains distinct populations adapted to a specific host, and is what allows<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW58679270 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW58679270 BCX8\"> R. solani<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW58679270 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW58679270 BCX8\"> to be classified into anastomosis groups.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP Selected SCXW58679270 BCX8\" data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6366283 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6366283\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"340\" src=\"https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Figura-2-Fusion-de-hifas-de-Rhizoctonia-solani-que-muestran-anastomosis-e1784279757654-640x340.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-40276\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a68369 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a68369\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Figure 2. <b>Microscopy image:<i> R.<\/i><i> solani <\/i>reproduction through hyphal anastomosis.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Beltr\u00e1n-Acosta, C., Smith, A., Cotes, A. M., &#038; Moreno, C. A. (2011). <b>Efficacy of two <em>Trichoderma koningiopsis<\/em> Th003-based formulations for the control of <em>Rhizoctonia solani<\/em> under field conditions.<\/b> In C. Beltr\u00e1n-Acosta, C. A. Moreno, &#038; A. M. Cotes (Eds.), pp. 55\u201372.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b><em>Trichoderma koningiopsis<\/em> Th003: A biological alternative for the control of <em>Rhizoctonia solani<\/em> in potato crops<\/b> (pp. 55\u201372). Produmedios, Bogot\u00e1, D.C. 72 pp. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56ffaa8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"56ffaa8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In potato, the most relevant group is AG-3, and in particular the potato-associated pathotype known as<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> AG-3 PT.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> The technical literature indicates that AG-3 affects mainly potato, causing stem cankers, stolon lesions and black sclerotia on tubers.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">This specialisation explains why the management of <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><em>Rhizoctonia<\/em> in potato<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> must be approached specifically. It is not enough to speak of &#8220;soil fungi&#8221; in general terms. The risk depends on the crop, the field history, the type of inoculum present, seed quality and the environmental conditions at planting.<\/span> <span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13154f9 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"13154f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc3c2d8 e-con-full js-subsection e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bc3c2d8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-img=\"http:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Origen-14.png\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1891af1 js-section elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1891af1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-title=\"Why the pre-emergence phase is critical\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Why the pre-emergence phase is critical<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f089ca e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0f089ca\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee82cc0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ee82cc0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW129336376 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW129336376 BCX8\">The most delicate period for potato against Rhizoctonia is the interval between planting and emergence. During this phase, the underground sprout advances slowly from the tuber towards the surface. It has not yet fully developed its structural defence mechanisms and is surrounded by soil, moisture, organic residues and possible survival structures of the pathogen.  <\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16943b7 e-con-full js-linktrigger e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"16943b7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\" data-hide=\"1\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cfb1150 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cfb1150\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A mismatch between the pathogen's temperature range and the crop's pace.<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0612832 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0612832\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW161610879 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161610879 BCX8\">In many growing regions, potato is <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161610879 BCX8\">planted<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161610879 BCX8\">into cold soils<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161610879 BCX8\">, where<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161610879 BCX8\"> the sprout emerges slowly<\/span>. Rhizoctonia, meanwhile, finds <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161610879 BCX8\">its optimum around <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161610879 BCX8\">15\u201318 \u00b0C<span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161610879 BCX8\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161610879 BCX8\"> <\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161610879 BCX8\">Damage<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161610879 BCX8\">is most severe<\/span> when the gro<span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161610879 BCX8\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161610879 BCX8\">wth of <\/span><\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161610879 BCX8\">stems and stolons <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161610879 BCX8\">is <\/span>slow relative to the pathogen&#8217;s development.<\/span><span class=\"EOP Selected SCXW161610879 BCX8\" data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f47c98f e-con-full js-linktrigger e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f47c98f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\" data-hide=\"1\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e8547b6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e8547b6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02c83d5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"02c83d5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d562e2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4d562e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Young, tender, poorly protected tissue.<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e35651 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9e35651\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW155152276 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155152276 BCX8\">The underground sprout is young tissue, actively growing, without the structural protection of a plant that has already emerged and hardened off.<\/span><\/span><\/p><p data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW155152276 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155152276 BCX8\"><em>Rhizoctonia<\/em> can attack this tissue with hyphae<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155152276 BCX8\">that secrete<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155152276 BCX8\"> enzymes capable of <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155152276 BCX8\">degrading<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155152276 BCX8\"> the<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155152276 BCX8\"> plant&#8217;s<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155152276 BCX8\">cell walls.<\/span> <\/span><\/p><p data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW155152276 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155152276 BCX8\">The<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW155152276 BCX8\"> literature describes broad, thick-walled hyphae with characteristic right-angle branching and a septum near the branch point.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP Selected SCXW155152276 BCX8\" data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p><p data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\"><span class=\"EOP Selected SCXW155152276 BCX8\" data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"><span data-teams=\"true\">These morphological features, visible under electron microscopy, help identify the fungus in laboratory observations and confirm its presence when field diagnosis alone is not conclusive.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cc15f3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2cc15f3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-628cf38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"628cf38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"366\" height=\"298\" src=\"https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Microcopia-r.solani-propia.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-40277\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ad20bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6ad20bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Figure 3. <strong>Hyphae of <em>Rhizoctonia solani<\/em> (AG-3 PT) under scanning electron microscopy (SEM).<\/strong> Source: Biocontrol Technologies.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8c14e9 e-con-full js-linktrigger e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d8c14e9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\" data-hide=\"1\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4fc3c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f4fc3c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Exposure time<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7698f33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7698f33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Every additional day the sprout takes to emerge widens the window of exposure. Deep planting, low-vigour seed, and compacted, cold or poorly drained soils can all lengthen this critical phase. This is why, with <em>Rhizoctonia<\/em>, management is not only about &#8220;treating the pathogen&#8221;. It is also about helping the crop escape the window of maximum susceptibility as quickly as possible.    <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">That window has a defined start and end: it opens on the day of planting and closes at emergence. Any later intervention finds the damage already established in sprouts and stolons. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5f2f6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e5f2f6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1560\" height=\"917\" src=\"https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/DINAMICA-DE-LA-INFECCION_EN.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-40319\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/DINAMICA-DE-LA-INFECCION_EN.jpg 1560w, https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/DINAMICA-DE-LA-INFECCION_EN-768x451.jpg 768w, https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/DINAMICA-DE-LA-INFECCION_EN-1536x903.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/DINAMICA-DE-LA-INFECCION_EN-600x353.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1560px) 100vw, 1560px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0013cd2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0013cd2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Figure 4.<strong> Metabolic activity of <em>R. solani<\/em> AG-3 PT against crop emergence rate. The window of susceptibility widens when emergence is delayed<em>.<\/em><\/strong><\/p><p><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit;\">Scientific information transformed into visual content using <\/span>artificial intelligence.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68acd5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68acd5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW149925881 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW149925881 BCX8\"> <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW149925881 BCX8\">The length of that window is not constant between seasons. With the same field, the same seed and the same treatment programme, a cold spring with slow emergence keeps the sprout exposed for considerably longer than a mild season. The pathogen does not change: what changes is the length of time the crop stays within its reach. This is why the same programme can prove sufficient one year and insufficient the next.   <\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP Selected SCXW149925881 BCX8\" data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f6bd77 js-subsection elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"4f6bd77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-img=\"http:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Origen-15.png\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18103b5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"18103b5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1cadcb7 js-section elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1cadcb7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-title=\"In-field symptoms: telling Rhizoctonia apart from other soil problems\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">In-field symptoms: telling Rhizoctonia apart from other soil problems<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ebde3eb e-con-full js-subsection e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ebde3eb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f1ead1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5f1ead1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW78499331 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW78499331 BCX8\">Rhizoctonia can cause establishment failures, weak plants, damaged stems, reduced tuber number and size, and deformities. In the field, visual diagnosis should focus on the below-ground part of the plant: sprouts, stems, stolons and tubers. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP Selected SCXW78499331 BCX8\" data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d485ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9d485ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"bct-tabla-rhizoctonia\">\n  <style>\n    #bct-tabla-rhizoctonia {\n      width: 100%;\n      overflow-x: auto;\n      font-family: \"Fira Sans\", Arial, sans-serif;\n    }\n\n    #bct-tabla-rhizoctonia table {\n      width: 100%;\n      min-width: 720px;\n      border-collapse: collapse;\n      table-layout: fixed;\n      background: #262626;\n    }\n\n    #bct-tabla-rhizoctonia th,\n    #bct-tabla-rhizoctonia td {\n      padding: 10px 12px;\n      border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);\n      text-align: left;\n      vertical-align: top;\n      font-size: 15px;\n      line-height: 1.35;\n    }\n\n    #bct-tabla-rhizoctonia th {\n      background: #7a9b68;\n      color: #172017;\n      font-weight: 600;\n    }\n\n    #bct-tabla-rhizoctonia td {\n      background: #292929;\n      color: #ffffff;\n      font-weight: 400;\n    }\n\n    #bct-tabla-rhizoctonia td:first-child {\n      font-weight: 600;\n    }\n\n    #bct-tabla-rhizoctonia th:nth-child(1) {\n      width: 22%;\n    }\n\n    #bct-tabla-rhizoctonia th:nth-child(2) {\n      width: 38%;\n    }\n\n    #bct-tabla-rhizoctonia th:nth-child(3) {\n      width: 40%;\n    }\n\n    #bct-tabla-rhizoctonia tbody tr:hover td {\n      background: #343434;\n    }\n\n    @media (max-width: 767px) {\n      #bct-tabla-rhizoctonia th,\n      #bct-tabla-rhizoctonia td {\n        padding: 9px 10px;\n        font-size: 14px;\n      }\n    }\n  <\/style>\n\n  <table>\n    <thead>\n      <tr>\n        <th>Affected plant organ<\/th>\n        <th>Typical symptom<\/th>\n        <th>Agronomic interpretation<\/th>\n      <\/tr>\n    <\/thead>\n\n    <tbody>\n      <tr>\n        <td>Underground sprouts<\/td>\n        <td>Brown or reddish-brown lesions<\/td>\n        <td>Early infection during crop emergence<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n\n      <tr>\n        <td>Underground stems<\/td>\n        <td>Dry, sunken and clearly defined cankers<\/td>\n        <td>Localised infection caused by <em>Rhizoctonia<\/em><\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n\n      <tr>\n        <td>Stolons<\/td>\n        <td>Lesions that disrupt the transport of nutrients to developing tubers<\/td>\n        <td>Reduced tuber number and size<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n\n      <tr>\n        <td>Tubers<\/td>\n        <td>Black sclerotia attached to the tuber skin<\/td>\n        <td>Black scurf and a source of inoculum for subsequent growing seasons<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody>\n  <\/table>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2463a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b2463a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW102764813 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102764813 BCX8\">One important difference from other <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW102764813 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102764813 BCX8\">soil-borne pathogens <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW102764813 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102764813 BCX8\">is the appearance of the lesion. Rhizoctonia tends to produce dry, sunken lesions with well-defined margins. Other problems such as Pythium, by contrast, tend to cause wetter, more diffuse rots. This distinction is useful for agronomists and growers, although a definitive diagnosis should rely on technical inspection and, where necessary, laboratory analysis.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP Selected SCXW102764813 BCX8\" data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88c7baa js-subsection elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"88c7baa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-img=\"http:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Origen-16.png\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36425de js-section elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"36425de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-title=\"The disease cycle: the first attack decides much of the damage\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The disease cycle: the first attack decides much of the damage<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20fd48f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"20fd48f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW213494626 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW213494626 BCX8\">From an epidemiological standpoint, Rhizoctonia in potato behaves as a predominantly monocyclic pathogen.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP Selected SCXW213494626 BCX8\" data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed85471 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ed85471\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd18f1f e-con-full js-subsection e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"dd18f1f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5d7db2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a5d7db2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is the difference between a monocyclic and a polycyclic pathogen? <\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-439d5b1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"439d5b1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57a52d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"57a52d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW158364531 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW158364531 BCX8\">In plant pathology, a pathogen is described as monocyclic when it completes its main infection cycle in a single event per season, as opposed to polycyclic pathogens, which repeat the infection cycle several times over the course of the crop and therefore call for repeated treatments.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d4faeaa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d4faeaa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">This does not mean the pathogen produces no new structures during the season. Mycelium that has colonised stems and stolons can form secondary sclerotia on the surface of the developing daughter tubers, giving rise to the black scurf seen at harvest. This inoculum does not usually reinfect the standing crop \u2014 hence the predominantly monocyclic character \u2014 but it does determine the commercial quality of the lot and the inoculum load carried over to the following season, especially where the material is used as seed.  <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The practical implication is direct: preventing the initial colonisation of the sprout and underground stem not only protects establishment but also reduces the formation of black scurf on the daughter tuber. What happens in the first few weeks shapes the outcome at harvest, and for that reason protection must be in place in the soil before the sprout begins to grow, rather than applied in response to a visible symptom. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f08cb74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f08cb74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/R.solani-ciclo-de-la-enfermedad_EN-640x640.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-40322\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/R.solani-ciclo-de-la-enfermedad_EN-640x640.png 640w, https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/R.solani-ciclo-de-la-enfermedad_EN-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/R.solani-ciclo-de-la-enfermedad_EN-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/R.solani-ciclo-de-la-enfermedad_EN-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f33daa6 js-subsection elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"f33daa6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-imghttps=\"\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb49ad8 js-section elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cb49ad8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-title=\"Integrated management of Rhizoctonia: no single measure is enough\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Integrated management of Rhizoctonia: no single measure is enough<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f3fae0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9f3fae0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d0e9e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4d0e9e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Soil-borne diseases have traditionally been tackled with disinfection strategies (chemical, solarisation or biofumigation), but their applicability is limited in field crops such as potato, where management rests mainly on seed health, cultural practices and localised treatments at planting. For this reason, the control of <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW165463269 BCX8\">Rhizoctonia<\/span> must be approached through integrated management: no single tool is sufficient in every situation. It is the combination of field history, seed quality, planting conditions and early protection of the sprout that determines the outcome.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2eecf10 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2eecf10\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53137f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"53137f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Manage the field history<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c56e134 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c56e134\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06ff00e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"06ff00e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"245\" data-end=\"1066\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW264723124 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW264723124 BCX8\">Rotation can help reduce inoculum, though it is not always sufficient. Sclerotia and mycelium can survive in the soil, on crop residues or in planting material; rotation must therefore be combined with healthy seed, drainage management and crop monitoring<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW264723124 BCX8\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP Selected SCXW264723124 BCX8\" data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3124ff2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3124ff2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a72cfda elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a72cfda\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Choose disease-free seed and check for black scurf<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0daaeb4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0daaeb4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f353dd1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f353dd1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"245\" data-end=\"1066\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW82997790 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW82997790 BCX8\">Seed is one of the pathogen&#8217;s main points of entry. Where tubers show visible sclerotia, the risk increases. Visual inspection of lots, knowledge of seed origin and traceability are basic steps within preventive management.  <\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c623b29 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c623b29\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09101a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"09101a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Promote rapid emergence<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c9e33d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6c9e33d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44c874c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"44c874c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"245\" data-end=\"1066\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW13035617 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW13035617 BCX8\">Rapid emergence reduces the sprout&#8217;s exposure time to the pathogen. This means working with well-drained soils, an adjusted planting depth, vigorous seed, good seedbed preparation and, wherever possible, avoiding planting into excessively cold or wet conditions. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b095712 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b095712\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3d6009 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c3d6009\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Biological control at the right moment<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45e8dd9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"45e8dd9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8616700 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8616700\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"245\" data-end=\"1066\">Since the critical point is the planting-to-emergence phase, control tools must be positioned where the risk originates: in contact with the seed tuber and with the soil surrounding the developing sprout. In-furrow application at planting responds to this agronomic logic, placing the biological control agent in the zone of primary infection and at the crop&#8217;s moment of maximum susceptibility.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da46966 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"da46966\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6acc971 js-section elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6acc971\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-title=\"How RootDei Biocontrol\u00ae fits into this control strategy\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How RootDei Biocontrol\u00ae fits into this control strategy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84b23e2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84b23e2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d4ad533 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d4ad533\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">RootDei Biocontrol\u00ae<\/span><\/b>, based on <b><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Trichoderma asperellum<\/span><\/i><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> strain <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">T34<\/span><\/b>, is designed as a preventive tool for localised application at planting, when the inoculum, the seed tuber and the underground sprout all converge at the same point. Unlike other control tools, T34 is a living microorganism that colonises the potato seed and the rhizosphere from the moment of planting, maintaining an active presence throughout the sprout&#8217;s window of maximum susceptibility. <span data-ccp-props=\"{\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6}\"> <\/span><\/p><p>The modes of action associated with <i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">T. asperellum<\/span><\/i> T34 include competition for space and nutrients in the rhizosphere, the production of antifungal compounds, direct interaction with the pathogen and the activation of the plant&#8217;s defence responses. A study published in the <i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Plant Pathology Journal<\/span><\/i>, co-authored by the R&#038;D team at Biocontrol Technologies, evaluated <i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">T. asperellum<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> T34 against<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> R. solani<\/span><\/i> in potato plants and observed a reduction in disease incidence and severity under experimental conditions.<span data-ccp-props=\"{\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6}\"> <\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">As with any biological or chemical solution, efficacy depends on following the label specifications \u2014 compatibilities, timing and dose, as well as storage and preparation conditions \u2014 and the label in force in each country: these are living organisms, and their field performance is conditioned by how they are stored, prepared and applied. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6}\"> <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23a3fcb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"23a3fcb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/R.solani-mecanismos-de-accion_EN-640x640.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-40323\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/R.solani-mecanismos-de-accion_EN-640x640.png 640w, https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/R.solani-mecanismos-de-accion_EN-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/R.solani-mecanismos-de-accion_EN-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/R.solani-mecanismos-de-accion_EN-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/R.solani-mecanismos-de-accion_EN-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/R.solani-mecanismos-de-accion_EN-600x600.png 600w, https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/R.solani-mecanismos-de-accion_EN-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/R.solani-mecanismos-de-accion_EN.png 1650w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cfecc9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9cfecc9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df8b3a7 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"df8b3a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9d4043 e-con-full js-subsection e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c9d4043\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-img=\"http:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Origen-11.png\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-507e81d js-section elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"507e81d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-title=\"Practical in-field decision matrix\u200b\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Practical in-field decision matrix<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a09f851 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a09f851\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"bct-tabla-riesgo-rootdei\">\n  <style>\n    #bct-tabla-riesgo-rootdei {\n      width: 100%;\n      overflow-x: auto;\n      font-family: \"Fira Sans\", Arial, sans-serif;\n    }\n\n    #bct-tabla-riesgo-rootdei table {\n      width: 100%;\n      min-width: 760px;\n      border-collapse: collapse;\n      table-layout: fixed;\n      background: #292929;\n    }\n\n    #bct-tabla-riesgo-rootdei th,\n    #bct-tabla-riesgo-rootdei td {\n      padding: 10px 12px;\n      border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);\n      text-align: left;\n      vertical-align: top;\n      font-size: 15px;\n      line-height: 1.35;\n    }\n\n    #bct-tabla-riesgo-rootdei th {\n      background: #7a9b68;\n      color: #172017;\n      font-weight: 600;\n    }\n\n    #bct-tabla-riesgo-rootdei td {\n      background: #292929;\n      color: #ffffff;\n      font-weight: 400;\n    }\n\n    #bct-tabla-riesgo-rootdei td:first-child,\n    #bct-tabla-riesgo-rootdei td:nth-child(2) {\n      font-weight: 600;\n    }\n\n    #bct-tabla-riesgo-rootdei th:nth-child(1) {\n      width: 39%;\n    }\n\n    #bct-tabla-riesgo-rootdei th:nth-child(2) {\n      width: 18%;\n      white-space: nowrap;\n    }\n\n    #bct-tabla-riesgo-rootdei th:nth-child(3) {\n      width: 43%;\n    }\n\n    #bct-tabla-riesgo-rootdei tbody tr:hover td {\n      background: #343434;\n    }\n\n    @media (max-width: 767px) {\n      #bct-tabla-riesgo-rootdei th,\n      #bct-tabla-riesgo-rootdei td {\n        padding: 9px 10px;\n        font-size: 14px;\n      }\n    }\n  <\/style>\n\n  <table>\n    <thead>\n      <tr>\n        <th>Field conditions<\/th>\n        <th>Expected risk<\/th>\n        <th>Recommended RootDei Biocontrol\u00ae strategy<\/th>\n      <\/tr>\n    <\/thead>\n\n    <tbody>\n      <tr>\n        <td>Clean seed tubers, well-drained soil and warm spring conditions<\/td>\n        <td>Low to moderate<\/td>\n        <td>Preventive application at planting, followed by crop monitoring.<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n\n      <tr>\n        <td>Cold or wet soil, or slow crop emergence<\/td>\n        <td>High<\/td>\n        <td>Prioritise preventive application, promote rapid emergence and closely monitor disease risk.<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n\n      <tr>\n        <td>Visible black scurf on seed tubers<\/td>\n        <td>High<\/td>\n        <td>Use clean seed tubers and prioritise preventive treatment.<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n\n      <tr>\n        <td>Field history of <em>Rhizoctonia<\/em><\/td>\n        <td>High<\/td>\n        <td>Implement crop rotation, manage the soil through biofumigation, and apply a medium-to-high rate to the seed tubers and surrounding soil.<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody>\n  <\/table>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8152a47 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8152a47\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW40266812 BCX8\" lang=\"ES-ES\" data-contrast=\"auto\">This matrix does not replace technical judgement, but it helps focus the decision.<\/span><span class=\"EOP Selected SCXW40266812 BCX8\" data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e75c0c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e75c0c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-387dc99 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"387dc99\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-238c1d9 e-con-full js-subsection e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"238c1d9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5df1378 js-section elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5df1378\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-title=\"Conclusion: the pathogen&#039;s biology defines the application protocol\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion: the pathogen's biology defines the application protocol<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7fd03f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7fd03f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Managing <i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Rhizoctonia<\/span><\/i> in potato is decided not only by the choice of control product, but by the moment and the place in which that product is positioned. And both are dictated by the biology of the pathogen: the inoculum is already in the soil and\/or on the tuber before planting; infection occurs between planting and emergence; and the vulnerable tissue is the underground sprout, which stays exposed for longer the slower the emergence.<span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p><p>The three conditions converge on a single point in the crop: the planting site \u2014 the furrow. This is why the control of <i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Rhizoctonia<\/span><\/i> rests on three principles: prevent \u2014 reducing the starting inoculum through healthy seed and field history; position the control tool where and when infection occurs; and promote rapid emergence to shorten the window of exposure.<span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p><p>Biological control solutions such as RootDei Biocontrol\u00ae, based on <i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Trichoderma asperellum<\/span><\/i> strain T34, follow this logic: a living agent placed on the seed and in the furrow, in contact with the primary inoculum and the sprout, throughout the window of susceptibility. In soil-borne diseases, understanding the pathogen&#8217;s cycle is not an academic exercise: it is what makes it possible to decide where and when to act. With <i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Rhizoctonia<\/span><\/i>, that decision is made before the problem is ever visible in the plant.<span data-ccp-props=\"{\"201341983\":0,\"335551550\":6,\"335551620\":6,\"335559739\":120,\"335559740\":259}\"> <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e7fa16 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9e7fa16\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68787b6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"68787b6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d174b3d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d174b3d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0dfbb1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0dfbb1a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd65871 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cd65871\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">module I. <br \/><b>BEYOND GENETICS<\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7109cad elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7109cad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Building a resilient production system in potato cultivation.<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7bc126 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e7bc126\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Building a resilient potato production system requires combining genetics, agronomic management, and biocontrol.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a19fb9 elementor-align-left elementor-tablet-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"6a19fb9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/en\/2026\/03\/03\/beyond-genetic-improvement\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">View BLOG<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f1d794 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2f1d794\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3546d51 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3546d51\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a13c970 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a13c970\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb41d46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bb41d46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">MODULE II. <br><b>TECHNICAL VIDEO<\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0aa7d9e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0aa7d9e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">In-furrow application of RootDei Biocontrol\u00ae in potato cultivation.<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7044e9c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7044e9c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"1106\" data-end=\"1235\">Discover in this video how to correctly apply RootDei Biocontrol\u00ae in-furrow during potato planting.<\/p><p data-start=\"1237\" data-end=\"1246\"> <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-207d66c elementor-align-left elementor-tablet-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"207d66c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/biocontroltechnologies.com\/en\/2026\/03\/16\/t34-biocontrol-in-furrow-application-in-potatoes-technical-video\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Watch VIDEO<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>MODULE III Biological Control of Rhizoctonia solani in Potato: Why Early In-Furrow Application Matters M. Trillas Discoverer of Trichoderma asperellum strain T34 IN THIS SECTIONIntroducci\u00f3n MODULE III. Why Early In-Furrow Application Matters M\u00e1s sobre Globodera Introduction In the management of soil-borne diseases, one of the most common questions among growers, agronomists and distributors is why [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":40281,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1315,1322],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-enfermedades-de-los-cultivos"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Rhizoctonia in Potatoes: Why Treat at Planting?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Rhizoctonia solani in Potatoes: How the Pathogen\u2019s Life Cycle Makes In-Furrow Application at Planting the Key Moment for Control\" 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